Explosive-engine.



ran e'rii'rn n'rnr FFTQ,

no. 81 1,eee.

specification of Letters Patent.

. Patented Feb. 6, 1906.

Application filed January 9, 1905. Serial No. 240,139.

To all who; it may concern;

Be it known that I, Josnrn A. WILLIAMs, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, haveiinvented a certainnew and useful Improvement in Explos1ve-Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

Thls invention relates to explosive-engines especially of the two-eycle type, and has particular reference to means for scavenging the cylinder or for removing the products of combustion after the explosion has taken place,

it is usual in two-cycle engines to scavenge the cylinder by blowing out the products of combustion with the explosive mixture which is to be used for the next explosion. This operation is either wasteful or is ineffectual, forifa sufficient blast of mixture is employed to entirely scavenge the cylinder a portion of the mixture will escape with the burned gases, and if an insufficient quantity is used the mixture in the cylinder will become contaminated, which will reduce the power if it does not choke down the en ine entirely. In order to overcome these defects, 1 precede the explosive charge with a blast of air, which air is sufficient to scavenge the cylinder before the mixture is introduced. With this result in view I have devised the structure shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a sectional view through the cylinder and crank chamber of a two-cycle explosive-engine, the same showing my invention applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the piston and crank in another position. Fig. 3 is a detail view of a form of carburetor which is suitable for use with my invention, said figure also showing the 1nannor in which the same may be applied thereto; and Fig. 4 is a detail view of the valve mechanism for controlling the admission of air to the crank-chamber.

For reasons well understood it is necessary to scavenge'the cylinder of explosive-engines at the end of each explosion, and in two-cycle engines this is usually accomplished by the mixture itself when introduced into the cylinder for the next explosion. I propose to use a blast of air for this purpose, said blast of air being s upplied'through the same means. as thatwhjchconducts the mixture to the cylinder. p

Referring now to the drawings, in which similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several views, 1 represents the cylinder-of an explosive-engine, which is made continuous with the easmg 2 for the crank, said casing being closed at the front end by a suitable cap-plate 3, so that the crank-chamber is made gas-tight.

4 represents the piston, which is connected by a suitable rod 5 with the pin 6 ol the crank 7.

The cylinder is surrounded with the usual waterjacket 8 and is provided with some suitable form of sparking device, as is indicated at 9. The inlet-port is shown at 10 and the exhaust-port at 11.

The parts thus far referred to being more or less common in engines of this type, a detailed description thereof is not deemed necessary.

Connected at one of its ends'with the cylmeter at the inlet-port and at its other end with the crank-ch amber is a pipe 12 of a suit able size, shape, and length, said size and length depending upon the particular engine to which it is attached, as will he heroinalter set 'forth. In said pipe at a point as near the inlet-port as practicable is a suitable checle valve 13, through which air may be admitted into said pipe, said valve being shown in Fig. 4 as of the )op-valve type, the same being held. normally against its seat by a spring 14-, which bears with one of its ends against the valve-casing and with its other end against a washer 15 on the end of the valve-stem. In. order to regulate the tension of said spring, and thereby control the action of the valve, a nut 16 is provided, which nut is threaded upon the valve-stem, so as to cause the washer to bear with greater or less tension on the spring, and thus regulate the pressure of the valve 13 upon its scat. As near to the other end of the pipe 12 as is practicable there is attached. a suitable form of device for supplying the fuel. This fuel may be of any suitable character which mixed with air in the proper proportion will produce the explosivez-nixture. As shown, a liquid fuel, such as gnsolene, is employed, said liquid being conveyed through a pipe 17 to a controller or regulator, the casing for which is shown at 18,

from which it is conducted to the pipe 12 through the tube 19, said tube having its end projecting into the pipe 12 and being formed with a nozzle, as is shown in Fig. 3. The admission of the liquid into the controller is regulated by a needle-valve 20, which closes the lower end of the pipe 17 within the casing 18, and said valve is operated by said float which is supported by the liquid,

bein guided in its movement by.a stem 22,

whic works through a spider-frame 23 within the casing.

Injorder to deflect the air and the mixture as the enter the cylinder, I provide the rear the crank as possible, the front end of the piston being concaved at 25, so as to secure this result, the concavity in the piston conforming in shape to the path of the outer portion of the crank.

In Fig. 2' the parts are shown in the position which they assumeafter the explosion and before the piston starts to return. As the piston returns both the inlet and exhaust ports are closed and the explosive mixture in the cylinder is compressed. During this same movement a partial vacuum is created inthe crank-chamber, which causes the outside air to lift the valve 13 from its seat and rush through the pipe 12 into the said chamber. As the air passes over the nozzle of thetube 19 it draws by suction a quantity of gasolene or other fuel into the chamber with it, said action continuing as long as the piston is mov-.

ing rearwardly. At the instant when the pis ton reaches its rearmost position the crankchamber and the pipe 12 in advance of the nozzle on the pipe 19 are filled with the explosive mixture, all of that part of the pipe 12 between said nozzle and the cylinder being filled with atmospheric air. As the iston moves forwardl under the impulse ue to the explosion t e contents of the chamber and the pipe 12 are compressed, the mixture being driven backwardly for some distance into the pipe. At the instant before the inlet-port is opened, therefore, the'pipe 12 is filled for a portion of its length near the cylinder with air, and the remainder of the pipe and the crank-chamber are filled with the explosive mixture, both being under high pressure. Whenthe inlet-port is uncovered, there is a rush of air and mixed gases through the pipe to the cylinder; but the ir is in advance of the mixture and is sufficient in volume to sweep out the burned gases due to the former explosion and cleanse the cylinder before the mixed gases can reach the exhaust-port and escape. By this construction I am enabled to introduce into the cylinder a blast of air in advance of the explosive mixture, said air scavenging the cylinder for the reception of the mixture.

Referring again to 3, it will be underthe air and mixture to pass the cylinder,

the cylinder fied, and I desire it to stood that when the suction through the pipe 12 takes place? the liquid within the casin 1,8 is lowered, which permits the float 21 to rop sufficiently to admit an additional supply of fluid through the tube 1?; but When the air and gases are being compressed the liquid will be forced backwardly through the tube 19, which will lift the float and close the'valve 20 against any further admission of liquid until the suction through the pipe 12 again takes place. i

From the above description it will be apparent that the capacity of the pipe 12 between the cylinder and the nozzle on the pipe 19 should be such as to suit the capacity of respondingly lar e pipe. The shape of the pipe is not materi al, although it should not be such as to create excessive iction and resistance to the gases passingtherethrough, and

it should not be so large in cross-section as to permit the air and gases to rapidly commingle, as in that event pure air for scavenging could not be obtained and the mixture would be wasted.' As shown in the drawings, this pipe is lengthened by passing it about the cylinder, although this is not a necessary construction.

Many details shown can obviouslybe modibe understood that the following claims are not to be limited thereto any further than is necessitated bytheir plain language or by the prior state of the art.

Having thus described my invention, what lclaim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- 1. In an explosive-engine, compression-chamber, a conductor for the explosive mixtureconnecting the said cylinder and chamber, a valvelocated in said con ductor near the intake opening into the cylinder through which air is admitted into the conductor and compression-chamber, a device independent of said valve for supplying fuel communicating with the conductor beyond the valve from the c linder, whereby when air is drawn through the valve and conductor into the chamber it will become carbonized as it passes the said device, and when the mixture is admitted to the cylinder it will bepreceded by air which has not been so carbonized for the purpose of expelling the exploded gases from the cylinder.

2. In an explosive-engine, a cylinder, a compression-chamber for the explosive mixture, a pipe connecting the cylinder and said chamber, a valve for admitting air to the pipe, said valve being connected to the pipe near the cylinder intake-o ening, and. a fuel-sup ply connected to sair pi jacent the compression-c amber, whereby a column of air is provided in the pipe between the fuel-su ply and the cylinder for scaven ing the cy inder in advance of the entrance of the explosive mixture.

a large cylinder requirmg a con.

9. cylinder, 1

e immediately adture, a' pipe connecting the said cylinder and "chamber,- an inwardly-opening check-valve Vately adjacent to the compression-chamber,

.nication is opened between the pipe and the air is admitted into the pipe and crank-chamamines =3, in an eXpl0sive-engine,a cylinder, a compresswnfchamber for the explosive IIllX- for air connected with said pipe near the cylinder, intake-opening, and a device for sutp plying iuelconnected with said pipe imme F the construction and arrangement being such that when air is drawn through the valve and pipe into the said chamber it will be carbon lzed as it asses the fuel-supply but the air betweent e said iuel-su ply and the cylinderv will not be carbonize and when commu i her, and a device for supplying fuel communicating with the pipe immediately adjacent to its entrance into the crank-chamber, the arrangement and construction being such that when air is admitted to the crank-chamberit will be carbonized as it passes over the fuelsupply, and when the mixed asesare admitted to the cylinder they wil be preceded by a column of air ,confined in the pipe near kthe cylinder to expel the exploded gases there- "rom.

5. In an explosive engine, a cylinder, a compression-chamber for the explosive mixture, a conductor for the mixture connecting thesaid cylinder and chamber, a valve near theinlet of said cylinder for admitting air to the conductor, means at the o osite end of said conductor immediately a acent to the compression-chamber for admitting a fuelsupply thereto, said means being entirely independent of the air-valve, the arrangement of the cylinder, the compression -chamber, the conductor the valve and said means being such that a blast of air Will be admitted to' the cylinder in advance of-the ex losive mixture for the urpose ofpxpelling t e exploded gases there 01 6. In art explosive=en ine, a cylinder, a crank-chamber within w ich the explosive mixture is compressed, a crank within said chamber, a piston within the cylinder, the

forward end of Which'is adapted to enter the crank-chamber, said end of the piston being concaved in shape so as to accommodate the movement of the crank, a conductor connectin the crank-chamber with the cylinder, a va ve for admitting air to said condu'ctor near its inlet to the cylinder, and means independent of the said valve for supplying fuel to the conductor immediatelyadj a'cent to the crankchamber, for the purpose specified.

a In testimony whereof I al'lix my signature in the presence or two witnesses.

JOSEPH A. WILLIAMS.

' Witnesses:

C. MoELRoY, J. B. HULL. 

